The Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench is the deepest known point of the ocean. How many metres below the surface is it?
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Answer
About 11,000 metres
The pressure down there is more than 1,000 times the pressure at the surface, roughly a tonne pressing on every square centimetre.
How to estimate it
Depth soundings give this number, not arithmetic, but it can be bracketed. The average ocean floor lies about 4,000 m down, and trenches where one plate dives under another are a few times deeper. A useful rule is that the deepest sea roughly mirrors the highest land, and Everest is close to 9,000 m. So guess about 10,000 m. The measured depth is about 11,000 metres.
Source: NOAA
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